广东地质发展简史及植物区系溯源

TRACING OF GEOLOGICAL HISTORY AND FLORA OF GUANGDONG PROVINCE

广东植物区系的发展由来已久，现代的广东植物是晚白垩世或早第三世的孑遗物。地层中存在大量的古植物化石，如本内苏铁、银杏、苏铁等就极为丰富，种子蕨特别是大羽羊齿尤为突出，而且在白垩纪晚期至第三纪的广东（及广西西南）地层中，存在着丰富的现代植物的化石或化石孢粉组合，如朴树、桦木、鹅耳枥及松、冷杉、雪松等，还有其它阔叶树和针叶树，所有这些都与广东复杂的地质发展史密切相关，它预示着广东植物区系可能起源于亚热带山地，而且广东无疑是华夏植物区系或东亚植物区系的萌芽和发源地之一。

The extant Guangdong flora should be treated as a relict of Late Cretaceous or Early Tertiary floras, which has endured a long history of geological development. The fossil plants were very rich in different strata of geological age, such as Bennettites, Baiera, Ginkgo, Cycas and Gigantopterides, etc. Meanwhile from the Late Cretaceous to Tertiary stratum of Guangdong (and SW Guangxi), ample plant fossil( or pollen fossil) were also found, such as Celtis, Betula, Carpinus, Pinus , Abies, and Cedrus ,etc., accompanied by features of broad leaved trees and needle leaved trees, all of them being indisputably related to the geological history of Guangdong. Thus it naturally indicated that they probably originated from subtropical mountain regions, or it may be traced back to Cretaceous, or earlier, and Guangdong was undoubtedly one of the cradles of the Cathaysian flora or the flora of East Asia.