急进不同高海拔地区健康成人血氧代谢酶变化研究

Changes of Blood Oxygen-Metabolizing Enzyme in Healthy Adults Acute Exposed High Altitudes

目的：通过观察急进不同高海拔地区健康成人血氧代谢酶的变化水平，探讨分析血氧代谢酶在急进高原时的应激性变化规律及意义。方法：对急进海拔2260m和4600m地区身体健康的成年人进行随机抽样分组，分急进后的3天以内、（4～14）天和15天以上三个时间段检测血氧代谢物质及酶。结果：①急进高原后，同一海拔水平不同时间段各血氧代谢酶变化规律如下：谷胱甘肽（GSH）和丙二配醛（MDA）的变化不大，比较稳定；谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH—PX）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）有着先升高而后降低的趋势；过氧化物歧酶（SOD）有一定的变化，但相对稳定；腺苷酸（AMP）有着先降后升的特殊变化；②急进不同海拔高度的血氧代谢酶之间的变化：GSH差别非常有显著性，AMP差别有显著性，而GSH—PX、CAT、MDA、SOD差别均无显著性；③急进海拔4600m组和平原地区对比：GSH和GSH—PX差别有显著性，SOD差别有非常显著性，MDA无差别。海拔4600mGSH和GSH—PX高于平原地区，而SOD则低于平原。结论：GSH、GSH—PX、CAT和c—AMP这四项血氧代谢酶在急进高原时，有着较为明显的改变，可反应急性缺氧状态。SOD和MDA可能做为慢性长期高原低氧环境暴露下氧代谢失衡的指标可能较为合适，在评估急性缺氧时价值不大。

Objective：To study the stress change and its clinical implication of blood oxygen--metabolizing enzymes in healthy adults acute exposed different high altitudes. Methods： All healthy subjects were randomly designed in three groups according to 3 days, 4--14 clays and 〉 15 days post 2 260m and 4 600m altitude. The blood level of GSH, GSH--PX, MDA, SOD, CAT and AMP were measured after 3d, 4-14d and 〉lSd exposed to high altitude. Results：①at same high altitude, the level of GSH and MDA had no significant changes in three groups; and the level of GSH--PX and CAT were increased firstly then decreased but the level of SOD had a stable change. The level of AMP had a special change of descend firstly then ascend. ② The level of GSH and AMP had a significant difference and/or a difference between 2 260m and 4 600m altitudes. The level of GSHPX, CAT, MDA and SOD had no difference between two altitudes. ③There was a difference of level of GSH and GSH--PX between 4 600m condition and the plain, and the level of SOD had significant difference but no difference of the level of MDA. The level of GSH and GSH-PX were higher at 4 600m altitudes than that in the plain but the lower SOD level. Conclusions： The changes of GSH, GSH--PX, CAT and c-AMP level could suggest some acute hypoxic reaction after acute exposed to high altitude. The SOD and MDA indexes are suitable to evaluate oxygen-metabolizing overbalance under chronic hypoxic condition.