整形美容受术者心理特征研究

A study on psychological features of patients undergoing plastic and cosmetic surgery

[目的]探讨整形美容受术者心理健康状况与人格特征的关系,为采取针对性心理护理提供依据。[方法]采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)、艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)对142例整形美容受术者进行问卷调查,并将所得数据进行统计学处理。[结果]症状自评量表各因子分均高于常模(P<0.01)。艾森克人格问卷中精神质(P)、神经质(N)、效度(L)量表分均高于常模,内外向(E)量表分低于常模,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。整形美容受术者SCL-90各因子分与EPQ中N分呈正相关,强迫、人际关系、敌对、偏执和精神病性与P分呈正相关,强迫、抑郁、焦虑、恐惧与L分呈正相关,焦虑、恐惧与E分呈负相关。[结论]整形美容受术者存在较多心理症状,心理健康状况较差,具有内外向不稳定及较强的神经质和掩饰性人格特征,对受术者心理状况影响显著。在护理工作中应了解受术者的心理和人格特征,并给予针对性的心理干预。

Objective： To probe into the relationship between psychological health state and personality characteristics of patients who accepted plastic and cosmetic surgery so as to provide some bases for adopting corresponding psychological nursing care for these patients. Methods： A total of 142 of patients undergoing plastic surgery were investigated by filling out questionnaire of system self - checklist （SCL - 90 ） and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire （EPQ）, and then the data were analyzed statistically. Results： The average scores of each factor in SCL- 90 of patients undergoing plastic and cosmetic surgery were higher than that of the norms （P 〈 0.01 ）. The scores of psychoticism （P）, nervousness （N）, effectiveness （E） of EPQ of patients were higher than that of the norms. However, scores of introvert and extroversion among these cases were lower than that of the norm and there was statistical significance between them （P〈0.01）. The average scores of all factors of patients undergoing plastic and cosmetic surgery in SCL - 90 were positively related to N score in EPQ. Compulsion, personal relationship, hostility, stubbornness and psychosis were positively related to P score. Compulsion, depression, anxiety and fear of patients undergoing plastic and cosmetic surgery were positively related to L score. Anxiety and fear were negatively related to E score of these patients. Conclusion： Patients undergoing plastic surgery have more psychological syndromes and they had poor psychological health state, Patients undergoing plastic and cosmetic surgery with personality characteristics of unstable introvertextroversion and stronger nervousness may influence their psychological state significantly. In nursing work, psychological and personality characteristics of patients undergoing plastic and cosmetic surgery should be carefully analyzed. Meanwhile, corresponding psychological intervention should be provided for them as well.