联盟的经济后果——英日同盟下的安全利益与经济合作

The Economic Consequences of Alliances:Security Interests and Economic Cooperation in the Anglo-Japanese Alliance

联盟国家间紧密的军事合作加深了成员国之间的交往,也推动了国家间的经济合作,所以军事联盟会产生相应的经济后果。联盟中的经济合作时常以经济补偿性支付的手段进行。在英日同盟从建立到终结的近20年中,英国便以这种方式向日本提供各种援助和贸易优惠措施,从而使两国间经济交往不断深化。但这种经济补偿性支付是不对等的,英日两国因此面临着来自国内的压力,两国便在经济事务谈判中以安全关系作为讨价还价的筹码。出于巩固联盟的需要,英日两国之间又在国内政治和巩固联盟之间不断进行战略博弈与选择。因此,战略利益构成了联盟的基础,但经济因素既是联盟的结果,也在促进联盟关系上发挥着重要作用。

Military cooperation has an influence on member countries and can improve economic cooperation among members in an alliance.Therefore,a military cooperation often has economic consequences.The members of alliance always use economic compensation to improve cooperation.During the some twenty years of the Anglo-Japanese alliance,Britain provided economic benefits as compensation to reinforce the security cooperation,resulting in the development of economic cooperation between the two states.However,the compensation brought asymmetrical benefits to the two sides,so they faced opposition from domestic interest groups.As a result,the security ties were used as a source of bargaining leverage in economic negotiations.In order to maintain their alliance,Britain and Japan made strategic choices between domestic politics and alliance interests.With their strategic interests as the basis of the Anglo-Japanese alliance,the economic factors were the outcome of the alliance and also had an important influence on improving the alliance.