辣椒种质遗传多样性的RAPD和ISSR及其表型数据分析

Genetic Diversity of Pepper Germplasm with RAPD,ISSR and Phenotypic Data

用RAPDI、SSR分子标记及28个表型性状数据对辣椒属5个栽培种的13份材料进行了分析,结果表明:23条RAPD引物共扩增出209条带,平均每个引物扩增出9.09条,多态性位点比率为83.73%;16条ISSR引物共扩增出94条带,平均每个引物扩增出5.88条,多态性位点比率为79.79%.与RAPD相比,ISSR标记检测到的有效等位基因数(Ne)及Shannon多样性指数(I)、遗传离散度(Ht)和遗传分化系数(Gst)等遗传多样性参数都较大,多态性位点比例在亲缘关系较近的一年生辣椒(Capsicum annuum)种内较高,说明ISSR有更高的多态性检测效率,并且适合亲缘关系较近的种群间遗传多样性分析.基于RAPDI、SSR的聚类与基于表型数据的聚类之间存在极显著正相关,且都能将C.annuum与其它栽培种区分开来.

Thirteen accessions from five cultivated Capsicum species were analyzed with RAPD and ISSR markers,and 28 phenotypic traits. Twenty-three RAPD primers and sixteen ISSR primers generated 209 and 94 fragments, respectively. The number of fragments per primer, the percentage of polymorphic loci was in turn 9.09,83.73% for RAPD markers,and 5.88,79.79% for ISSR markers. But ISSR had higher percentage of polymorphic loci in C. annuum than RAPD,and effective number of alleles （Ne）,Shannon＇s Information index （Ⅰ）, heterozygosity （Ht）, the genetic differentiation coefficient （Gst） based on ISSR markers were bigger than those based on RAPD as well. The results showed that ISSR markers could detect more genetic diversity in the pepper accessions and be more suitable for assessment of genetic diversity among accessions that have higher consanguinity levels. Three dendrograms for the 13 accessions were formed based on RAPD,ISSR-generated bands and phenotypic data. The correlation analysis among genetic similarities based on RAPD, ISSR markers and phenotypic data indicated they were significantly correlated. All the dendrograms could separate C. annuum from the other cultivated Capsicum species.