护士倦怠与自尊、健康和离职意向的相关性研究

Relationship among job burnout,self-esteem,health and intention to quit of nurses

目的探讨护士倦怠与自尊、健康和离职意向之间的关系。方法利用工作倦怠问卷、自尊问卷、一般健康问卷和离职意向问卷对175名护士进行测评。结果①护士轻度工作倦怠的检出率为34.8%,中度工作倦怠的检出率为30.3%,高度工作倦怠的检出率为4.0%;②工作倦怠量表包含的3个因素中,耗竭对自尊、健康和离职意向有显著的预测作用(P<0.01),人格解体对自尊和健康有显著的预测作用(P<0.01),成就感降低对自尊有显著的预测作用(P<0.01);③自尊可以部分中介耗竭和人格解体对离职意向和健康的影响(P<0.01),并能完全中介成就感降低对离职意向和健康的影响(P<0.01)。结论护士的工作倦怠问题比较严重,并对自尊、健康和离职意向具有重要影响,应采取积极措施加以干预。

Objective To explore the relationship among job burnout, self-esteem, health and intention to quit of nurses. Methods The Chinese Maslach Burnout Inventory, Seff-esteem Scale, General Health Questionnaire and Intention to Quit Inventory were used to 175 nurses. Results （1）The prevalence of slight burnout was 34.8% ,the prevalence of moderate burnout was 30.3% and the high burnout was 4.0%. （2）Exhaustion is an excellent predictor of seff-esteem,health and intention to quit （P〈0.01）, depersonalization is an excellent predictor of self-esteem and health （P〈0.01）,and reduced personal accomplishment is an excellent predictor of seff-esteem （P〈0.01）. （3）Seff-esteem mediates partly the relationship between exhaustion （depersonalization） and health （intention to quit） （P〈0.01）, and mediates completely the relationship between reduced personal accomplishment and health（intention to quit）（P〈0.01 ）. Conclusion The problem of job burnout is seriously in nurses, and has great effects on their seff-esteem, health and intention to quit.