塔里木盆地诸大河沿岸的天然草地及其人为活动的影响

THE NATURAL GRASSLANDS ON THE FLOWING PLAINS ALONG THE LARGE RIVERS IN TARIM BASIN AND THE AFFECTS OF THE MANKIND ACTIVITIES

塔里木盆地诸大河沿岸分布的天然草地,受河水流量及河床变化的支配,表现出隐域性、中生性、不稳定性和群落类型单调的特点。人类经济活动的影响,特别是河水流量时空分配的人为控制,以及对植被资源的不合理利用,很多天然草地被毁或造成严重衰退。对现有草地应善加保护和合理利用,对其改善和根本治理,有赖于各大河流域生态环境的整体规划、整治及其实施。

The natural grasslands on the floowing plains of large rivers in TarimBasin have the characterstics as following: 1.Their growth and distribution rely on the flow of the river watersand the change of the river bed. 2.Their types of the community are simple with intrazonal, mesophilyand instability. Some natural grasslands have been damaged or severily declined, because: 1.The affects of the mankind action, especially artificial managementabout the flow of the river waters on the time and the space. 2.Unreasonable use of the vegetation resources. The natural grasslands must be protected well and rationaly used. Their improvement and basic governing rely on the whole plan of theecological environment along each large river, realignment and implement ofthis plan.