纳米羟基磷灰石生物安全性的研究现状

Research status of the biological safety of nano-hydroxyapatite

目的:总结国内外对纳米羟基磷灰石生物安全性研究的现状。资料来源:应用计算机检索Medline1979-01/2005-12及CHKD期刊全文数据库相关纳米羟基磷灰石的文献,检索词有“hydroxyapatite(羟基磷灰石),nano-hydroxyapatite(纳米羟基磷灰石),hydroxyapatite toxicity(羟基磷灰石毒性)”等。资料选择:对资料进行初选,选择纳米羟基磷灰石生物学评价、体内毒性和细胞毒性方面的文献。纳入标准:①纳米羟基磷灰石生物安全性评价。②羟基磷灰石稳定性研究。③纳米羟基磷灰石生物体内迁移特性的研究。④纳米羟基磷灰石抗癌活性的研究。资料提炼:粗选有几百篇关于纳米羟基磷灰石方面的文章,根据纳入标准,精选62篇文献,最后纳入分析39篇文献。资料综合:纳米羟基磷灰石虽然具有良好的骨相容性,并且根据ISO10993系列标准进行试验的结果也显示纳米羟基磷灰石具有良好的生物相容性,但是已有报告显示纳米羟基磷灰石可以在体内迁移,并且目前人们还不了解纳米羟基磷灰石可以杀死癌细胞的机制。结论:虽然纳米羟基磷灰石已在医学生物学领域得到广泛应用,但对纳米羟基磷灰石的生物安全性研究还存在隐忧,需要进一步研究其生物安全性。

OBJECTIVE： To summarize the research status of the biological safety of nano-hydroxyapatite in domestic and overseas. DATA SOURCES： A computer-based online search of Medline database and CHKD database was undertaken for literature about nano-hydroxyapatite published from January 1979 to December 2005 with the key words of ＂hydroxyapatite, nano-hydroxyapatite, hydroxyapatite toxicity＂ in Chinese and English respectively. STUDY SELECTION： The literature about the biological evaluation, systemic toxicity and cytotoxicity of nano-hydroxyapatite was selected after first selection. Inclusive criteria： （1）evaluation on the biological safety of nano-hydroxyapatite; （2）stability of hydroxyapatite; （3）translocated characters in vivo of nano-hydroxyapatite; （4）anticancer effect of nano-hydroxyapatite. DATA EXTRACTION： Hundreds of papers about hydroxyapatite were collected, and 62 were selected according to the inclusive criteria. Finally, 39 articles were analyzed. DATA SYNTHESIS： Although nano-hydroxyapatite shows excellent osseous-compatibility and biological compatibility tested according to ISO 10993 standards, some reports have proved that nano-hydroxyapatite could migrate in body, and the mechanism of the apoptosis of cancer cells induced by nano-hydroxyapatite is still not clear. CONCLUSION： Although nano-hydroxyapatite has been widely used in medicinal and biological fields, there are some potential worries about its biological safety; therefore, the further research is necessary.