乙醇摄入途径与血浆一氧化氮和内皮素含量变化的关系

Changes of plasma nitric oxide and endothelin content following ethanol intake in different ways

目的:观察不同途径摄入乙醇对血浆一氧化氮和内皮素含量变化的影响。方法:实验于2003-07/12在右江民族医学院应用生理研究室完成。健康家兔32只,体质量1.7～2.5kg,雌雄不拘,以完全随机分组设计法分为乙醇0.5g/kg、乙醇1.0g/kg、乙醇1.5g/kg组和生理盐水组,每组8只。用浓度为体积分数为0.5的乙醇溶液,按0.5、1.0、1.5g/kg体质量,分别从家兔耳缘静脉注射。生理盐水组用与乙醇量相等容积的生理盐水来代替。注射后15min从颈总动脉取血,测定血浆一氧化氮和内皮素含量。另取健康SD大鼠18只,体质量190～250g,雌雄各半,随机分为生理盐水灌胃组和乙醇灌胃组,每组9只。乙醇灌胃组用浓度为体积分数为0.5的乙醇溶液,按0.5g/(kg·d)的乙醇量连续灌胃15d,1次/d生理盐水灌胃组以乙醇量等容积的生理盐水来代替。15d后取血,测定血浆一氧化氮和内皮素含量。结果:32只家兔、18只大鼠均进入结果分析,中途无脱落。①乙醇用量在1.0g/kg体质量以下时,随着静脉注射量增加,家兔血浆一氧化氮含量呈线性减少,两者呈线性负相关(r2=0.943,P=360.78,P<0.001);血浆内皮素含量则随乙醇增加而明显增多(P<0.05,P<0.01),两者也呈线性正相关(r2=0.309,F=9.84,P<0.01)。乙醇用量达1.5g/kg体质量时,家兔血浆一氧化氮含量反而明显增多(P<0.01),此时血浆内皮素含量却明显减少(P<0.01)。不管乙醇用量多少,血浆一氧化氮与内皮素含量往往呈负性变化(r=-0.532)。②按乙醇量为0.5g/(kg·d)连续灌胃15d后,大鼠血浆一氧化氮含量明显增加(P<0.01),而血浆内皮素含量明显下降(P<0.05)。结论:不同量、不同途径摄入乙醇,对血浆一氧化氮和内皮素产生不同的影响,但具有一定的规律性:①血浆一氧化氮和内皮素呈负性变化。②适量的乙醇静脉注射可引起血浆一氧化氮线性下降,内皮素线性升高,两者变化呈负相关;乙醇灌胃摄入引起血浆一氧化氮升高,内皮素下降。

AIM= To study the changes IN plasma nitric oxide （NO） and endothelin （ET） content following ethanol intake by different pathway. METHODS： The experiment was conducted in the Laboratory of Psychology, Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities between July and December 2003. Thirty-two healthy rabbits of both sexes with the body mass of 1.7-2.5 kg ware randomly divided into four groups： 0.5 g/kg ethanol group, 1.0 g/kg ethanol group, 1.5 g/kg ethanol group and normal saline group with 8 rabbits in each group. Rabbits ware intravenously injected with 50% ethanol respectively according to 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 g/kg body mass from auricular borderline. Rabbits in the normal saline group ware injected with normal saline at the same dose as that in the ethanol group. Fifteen minutes after injection, blood sample was obtained from the common carotid artery of rabbit to determine the contents of plasma NO and ET. Another 18 healthy male and female SD rats with the body mass of 190-250 g were selected and randomly divided into normal saline gastric perfusion group and ethanol gastric perfusion group with 9 rats in each group. Rats in the ethanol gastric perfusion group ware intregastrically administrated with 50% ethanol at the dose of 0.5 g/kg once each day for 15 continuous days, and rats in the normal saline gastric perfusion group ware intragastrically administrated with normal saline. Blood sample was obtained at 15 days later to determine the contents of plasma NO and ET. RESULTS： A total of 32 rabbits and 18 rats ware involved in the analysis of results, and no animal withdrew from the study. ①With the increa （r^2= =0.943,F =360.78,P 〈 0.001）, while the plasma ET content is significant increased with the increased ethanol （P〈 0.05,P〈 0.01 ）, which ware in linear positive correlation （r^2 =0.309,F=9.84,P〈 0.01 ）. The plasma NO content in rabbits with the dose of ethanol at 1.5 g/kg of body mass was remarkably increased （P 〈 0.01 ）. The plasma NO and ET contents ware in negative correlation no matter how much the ethanol dose was （r =-0.532）. ②Fifteen days after gastric administration of ethanol, the plasma NO content in rats at the perfusion dose of 0.5 g/kg per day was significantly increased （P 〈 0.01）,while the ET content was remarkably decreased （P 〈 0.05）. CONCLUSION： The effects on plasma NO and ET contents are different by different intake ways at different dose, while there are some rules that can be referred to： ①The blood plasma NO and ET are in negative correlation. ②Appropriate venous injection of ethanol will induce the linear decrease of plasma NO and the linear increase of ET, which ware in negative correlation with each other. Gastric perfusion of ethanol will cause the increase of plasma NO and the decrease of plasma ET.