上海地区洪涝灾害的特点和防治对策探讨

Characteristics of Flood Waterlogging Disaster in Shanghai Region and Discussion of Prevention Countermeasures

面临全球气候变暖、自然灾害严重而频繁的趋势和建设现代化国际大都市提出的新要求,上海的防汛防台形势和任务将越来越严峻和繁重。该文从上海水的基本情况、气候、地理条件和水资源时空分布不均的规律,分析和总结了上海地区洪涝灾害的六个基本特点,针对薄弱环节和新的形势要求,提出了“转变三个思想观念;落实四个层次责任;树立五个责任目标;执行六个不放过规定”的对策,从思想、观念、目标和机制上,探讨在总体上提高上海防御洪涝灾害能力的思路与具体措施。

Facing the climate of the whole world getting warm,the natural disasters tending to seri- ously and frequently and the new requirements put forward for building the modernized international great city,the situation and task of the flood control and typhoon prevention in Shanghai are more and more grim and arduous.The article analyzes and sums up six basic characteristics of the flood control and typhoon prevention in Shanghai region from the basic water conditions,the climate and geographical conditions,and the law of the water resource time space distributed unevenly.In the light of the weak link and the new situation requirement,the article put forward the countermeasures of“changing three ideological idea,making sure four level responsibilities,setting up five executive objectives and implementing six not-letting-slip-by stipulation”and discusses the thinking and the detail measures generally to enhance the capability of preventing the flood waterlogging disasters in Shanghai from the ideology,idea,objective and mechanism.