载人飞船碰撞检测解析方法研究

An Analytic Method for Collision Detection for Manned Spaceships

在轨编目物体数目与日俱增，为保证载人航天任务的顺利完成，必须对可能威胁任务轨道的空间目标进行碰撞检测。本文分析了美国航天司令部开发的SGP4近地轨道预报模型，引入其中的摄动力长期项公式。通过模型比对可知，引入摄动力长期项的计算结果与解析法SGP4结果接近，而且摄动力的长期项对轨道根数的影响可以表示为关于时间的函数，结合天球投影可以迅速找出2个物体分别过轨道交线的时间，因此该方法能够保证碰撞预警的精度与速度。仿真结果验证了该方法的快速有效性。

The number of cataloged objects in space has been on rapid rise and this has become an increasingly serious problem to active spacecraft. To ensure the security of manned spaceflight missions, the cataloged objects which could impact spaceships must be detected. The perturbations based on Simplified General Perturbations Version 4 （SGP4） developed by the U.S. Space Command are analyzed. As the secular effects are dominative for a near - earth model, they can be described by the polynomial expressions of time since epoch. With celestial sphere projection, the time for two objects to pass through the intersection can be respectively computed. Simulation shows that the analytic method for collision detection based on the secular effects is efficient and valid.