计划行政的本质特征与政府职能定位

The Essential Element of Planning Administration and the Orientation of Government Functions

行政计划的确定过程具有强烈的价值选择、诸利益的调整等特征,它不仅是行政层面的问题,而且是行政法层面的问题;不仅是立法层面的问题,而且是政治层面的问题。在现代国家,这种计划过程的混合性要素必将不断加强,因而决定了行政法学对计划行政的研究,不应仅限于行政或者行政法的层面,可以也应当确立多维的视角;不应仅限于经济合理性、技术合理性和法规范适合性,而应当同时对作为社会统合的计划展开研究,架构其应有的制定、决定构造,探究计划确定过程中的政治合理性。在确认政府在行政计划中的主导地位的基础上,如何贯彻科学、民主、法治的理念,架构各种利益均能得到充分表达和具体实现的计划确定机制,乃是包括行政法学在内的功能法学研究的重要课题。

The process of fixing an administrative plan clearly presents the circulatory character： the choice of value and adjusting of interests. This is a problem not only in administration but also in administrative law, not only in legislation but also in politics. In modern countries, the mixed character of the planning process will be strengthened, and the study of administrative planning in administrative law cannot be limited in the sphere of administration or administrative law, but need to hold the multidimensional view. It cannot be limited in the reasonableness in economy, technology and the aptness in legal regulations, but need to look into the planning designed for the social conformity, to construct the making and deciding processes, and research the political reasonableness in the plan-fixing process. It is an important subject of functional law study that on the bases of affirming the dominating status of government in the administrative planning, how we can carry out the theories of science, democracy and the rule of law, and construct a plan-fixing mechanism that all the interests can be fully delivered and concretely realized.