龚自珍在19世纪——关于龚自珍的几则札记

GONG Zi-zhen's Research During the 19th Century

仔细检核龚自珍的著述和时人对其的评议,可以发现一些与我们熟识的龚自珍形象诸如“以公羊义讥切时政”、晚清“今文学的健者”及“维新思想的先驱”等不尽相同的面相。撷取龚氏形象在19世纪后半期以来变化的一些片断,或有助于对“历史人物的形象是在历史中形成的”这一历史叙述中的重要现象的认识。我们今天对龚自珍的认识和评价,受19世纪末对龚氏评价和我们既有的有关19世纪中国历史认识叠加的影响。对龚氏思想的正确认识有助于我们加深对19世纪中国的理解。

Conventionally GONG Zi-zhen＇s image was often connected with such personal labells as ＂who criticized and ironized contemporary political affairs in the light of the Gong Yang doctrines＂, or ＂one of the prominent leaders of Jin Wen School＂ and ＂a pioneer of the Reformist ideas＂. However, careful examination of and profound investigation into Gong＇s writings and the comments on him by his contemporaries offer a somehow different image of him. Snapshots which showed us the changes Gong＇s image had underwent in the second half of 19th century may prove helpful for us to have a much more comprehensive understanding of this proposition, that is, the image of a historical figure always has afomative process in the history.