北京上海武汉三城市中青年对器官移植的认识和意愿的调查

Investigation of understanding and willingness of organ transplantation in young people in Beijing,Shanghai,Wuhan

了解我国城市中青年对器官移植的认识和意愿及对器官捐献方式和捐献对象的意愿。并对影响器官移植认识和意愿的各种因素进行了分析和探讨。方法采用调查表方法，对北京、上海、武汉三城市２０～４５岁的中青年３０１２人（北京９９９份、上海９９０份、武汉１０２３份）进行问卷调查。调查资料用ＳＰＳＳ软件进行处理分析。结果９０％以上的被调查者知道人的器官可以移植；８５％以上的人认为人体器官移植是一项造福人类的事业；８５％以上的人认为当某人的器官发生疾病并危及生命时，有必要进行器官移植；如果需要和可能，７０％以上的人表示同意接受器官移植。在器官捐献方式上，７０％以上的人强调要在自愿的基础上进行，并认为应给予一定形式的经济补偿。捐献器官的对象依次为亲属、专门医疗机构、朋友、自愿者组织成员、其他人。结论我国城市中青年对器官移植有较好的了解和认识，传统观念和封建习俗的影响是我国器官捐献工作的主要障碍之一。

Objective To undertand the knowledge of young people in cities in China about organ transplantation and their willingness to donate organs, methods of donation, and the willingness of donators. Methods A questionnaire was designed in investigating 3 012 young people(999 questionnaires in Beijing,990in Shanghai,1023 in Wuhan)aged 20～45 years in the three cities.The data were processed by SPSS software.Results Over 90% of the people investigated knew that human organs can be transplanted 85% considered organ transplantation is a warefare undertaking.85% thought organ transplantation is necessary when someone′sorgan is severely impaired.If possible,70% were willing to receive organ transplantation.With regard to forms of donation,over 70% emphasized the individual willingness combined with reimbursement.The Preferred recipient in sequence were relatives,special institutions,friends,volunteers,and others.The various factors.affecting understanding of organ transplantation were analysed.Conclusion In cities of China,young people have abetter understanding of organ tuansplantation,but conventional attitudes and feudal habits are the major obstacle to the development of organ transplantation in China.