聋校学生中听神经病的调查研究

Auditory neuropathy in deaf school students

目的:获得南京聋人学校在校学生中听神经病的患病情况,并对其发病特征作初步探讨。方法:358名学生接受了耳科检查、声导抗及瞬态诱发性耳声发射(TEOAE)筛查,对通过TEOAE筛查的学生进行病史分析纯音测听、声导抗、诊断型TEOAE、DPOAE、ABR、ENG以及VEMP等全面的听力和前庭功能评估。结果:在可行听神经病评估的323名学生行TEOAE筛查时,1名学生单耳、2名学生双耳显示“通过”,经进一步检查,符合听神经病诊断。结论:听神经病并非罕见,在聋校中亦有发生,对其及早识别和科学干预,此类学生可能避免进入聋校,回归主流社会。

Objective： To investigate incidents and clinical features of auditory neuropathy in Nanjing deaf school students. Method：Three hundred and fifty-eight deaf students in the school accepted the first examination including otoscopic examination, tympanometry and transiently evoked otoacoustic emissions （TEOAE） screening. Detailed audiological and vestibular evaluations including pure-tone audiometry, immittance audiometry and acoustic reflex measures, transiently evoked otoacoustic emissions （TEOAE）, distortion product otoacoustic emissions （DPOAE）, auditory brain stem response （ABR）, electronystamography （ENG） and vestibular evoked myogenic potential （VEMP） were given to whom had positive TEOAE screening. Result： Three hundred and twentythree students entered the program of screening for auditory neuropathy. One student had positive TEOAE in single ear while the other two had positive TEOAE in both ears. In the screening stage,there were strong evidences in these three students with auditory neuropathy in the detailed audiological procedures. Conclusion：Auditory neuropathy, which can also be found in deaf schools , is not as rare as we thought before. Early identification and intervention may help those children to avoid entering the deaf school and to return to normal society.