刺乌头碱的提取与其氢溴酸盐的合成及表征

The Extraction of Lappacontine and Synthesis,Characterization of Lappaconitine Hydrobromide

用体积分数为75%的乙醇做溶剂,从甘肃高乌头的根中提取了刺乌头碱,该新方法产率可达0.61%。同时用制备方法操作简便,反应条件温和的新方法合成了强镇痛药物刺乌头碱氢溴酸盐,产率可达84%。并用红外光谱、元素分析、核磁谱和质谱等测试技术对刺乌头碱及其氢溴酸盐进行了表征。实验结果表明,用75%乙醇做溶剂提取刺乌头碱克服了传统的强碱加入导致酯键断裂的问题;同时在氢溴酸盐制备上,用二溴代烷烃代替氢溴酸克服了反应副产物和反应时间长等问题。

The extraction process of lappaconitine from the root of Aconitum sinomontanum Nakai, which is a special plant in GanSu province China, using 75% ethanol with a yield of 0.61% was described. The lappaconitine hydrobromide was synthesized in a new way, with a yield of 84%. The structures of extracted lappaconitine and the lappaconitine hydrobromide were characterized by IR, elemental analysis, ^1H NMR, ^13C NMR and MS. The results show that using 75% ethanol to extract lappaconitine gets over the problem which was brought by adding alkali traditionally. And in the lappaconitine hydrobromide preparation, the out- growth and long reaction time were overcome by dibromine alkyl instead of hydrobromic acid.