汉魏六朝荆州稻作农业的发展

The Development of Rice Agriculture in Han,Wei& the Six Dynasties

荆州位于长江中游,这里是稻作农业的发源地,自新石器时代以至秦汉,稻作生产传统一直未曾中断。进入魏晋南北朝后,荆州自然环境与人口的变化皆有利于稻作生产的发展,加之荆州政治军事地位的特殊性,统治者对农业生产的着意经营,使得荆州的稻作生产较之前代有了一定的发展。这主要表现在稻作种植区域的扩大、耕作技术的提高以及产量的增加等方面。荆州稻米总产量的增加,使得荆州不仅有余粮可支援外地,并有部分剩余稻米进入了流通领域,成为长江下游城市粮食供应体系中的重要一环。

Jingzhou, the birthplace of rice agriculture, lies in the middle stream of Yangtze River. From the Neolithic Age till Han, crop production has been an uninterrupted tradition. When the time of the Wei, Jin, Northern and Southern Dynasties came, rice production of Jingzhou got a certain development compared to the last generation as a result of various reasons, such as the changing in Jingzhou＇s natural environment and population, Jingzhou＇s political and military particular status, which aroused Rulers＇ painstaking attention on agricultural production. This was reflected in the expansion of crop cultivation region, improvement of farming techniques and increasing production. The increasing of Jingzhou＇s rice output made it not only support other places in the country, some of the remaining rice also ran into circulation basin. Thus made Jingzhou an important part of the food supply system in the downstream of Yangtze River .