亲社会情境中小学儿童道德情绪判断及其归因研究

Research on Primary School Children's Judgement and Attribution of Moral Emotion in Prosocial Context

该文运用临床访谈法研究了小学儿童在亲社会情境中道德情绪判断及归因状况。结果表明:在亲社会情境中,儿童的道德情绪判断经由消极到积极的发展趋势,年幼儿童倾向于判断助人者会体验到消极的情绪,年长儿童则认为助人者会体验到高兴等积极情绪,并且随着儿童年龄的增长,儿童的情绪体验愈加复杂。在道德情绪归因中,年幼儿童倾向于结果定向的归因,一年级儿童中大部分以道德定向为主,随着儿童年龄的增长,儿童的归因定向逐渐多样化。

Using the approach of clinical conversation as to the story＇s context, this paper analyses the primary school children＇s judgement and attribution of moral emotion in prosocial context. The results are shown as following： From the negative to positive developmental trend of children＇s moral emotional reasoning in prosocial context. The younger children usually experience the negative emotions by inferring the helper while the elder ones usually think that the helper does a good thing and experiences the pusitive emofions. Moreover, with the increasing of their age, children＇s emotional experiences tend to be more complex and the number of experiencing mixed emotion increases. The younger children are inclined to consequence-oriented attribution in moral emotion attribution. With the increasing of their ages, children＇ attributive orientation becomes diversified.