高度近视眼的眼轴、屈光度、前房深度及角膜屈光力的相关性研究

The correlation among axial length,diopter,anterior chamber depth and keratorefractive power of high myopia

目的探讨高度近视眼的眼轴(AL)、屈光度、前房深度(ACD)及角膜屈光力的相互关系及高度近视的成因。方法将高度近视患者191例(375眼)分为3组:A组为高度近视43眼(-6.25～-10.00D),B组为超高度近视(-10.25～-15.00D)116眼,C组为超高度近视(≥-15.25D)216眼,分别测量3组患者AL、屈光度、ACD及角膜屈光力K1、K2值,数据采用SPSS13.0统计分析。结果A组AL(26.68±1.50)mm、B组(28.46±1.44)mm、C组(31.01±1.84)mm,3组比较差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);各组间ACD差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05);角膜屈光力K1、K2值A组与C组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);最佳矫正视力(DSCVA)随屈光度的增加有下降趋势,A、B与C组差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);A、B、C组屈光度与AL呈正相关(r=0.382、0463、0.592,P<0.05或P<0.01);C组屈光度与角膜屈光力K1、K2值及ACD呈正相关(r=0.184、0.208、0.306,P<0.05或P<0.01);A、B、C组AL与角膜屈光力均呈负相关(P<0.01)。结论眼轴延长是高度近视发病的主要影响因素,而角膜屈光力是次要因素。

Objective To study the correlations among the axial length, dDiopter, anterior chamber septh and keratorefractive power of high myopia. Methods According to the myopia degree, 191 cases （375 eyes）of high myopia were divided into three groups： Group A （-6.25--10.00D, 43 eyes）, Group B （-10.25 ~ -15.00D,116 eyes）, Group C（≥-15.25D, 216 eyes）. The diopter, corneal refractive power, anterior chamber depth and axial length （AL） in each groups were measured by iatrical optometry and IOL-Master （Carl Zeiss, Germany ） respectively. The data were analyzed by SPSS statistics software system. Results There were significant differences in axial length among three groups（P〈0.01 ）; while there were no signifieant differences in keratorefractive power and ACD （P〉0.05）.The Diopter showed positive correlation with the length of optic axis in three groups （P〈0.05） ; the Diopter also showed positive correlation with the keratorefractive power in Group C （P〈0. 05）; axial length appeared negat/ve correlation with the keratorefractive power in three groups （P〈0.01）; while axial length appeared no relation to ACD （P〉0.05）. Conclusion The length of axis is the more important influential factor involved in the formation of high myopia than corneal refractive power.