高等植物启动子克隆方法的研究进展

Advances on Studies of Plant Promoters

启动子是植物基因工程中一个重要的研究对象,文章简述了启动子的定义、分类和启动子的研究策略,从组成型启动子、组织特异型启动子和诱导型启动子3个方面介绍了它们的功能和结构的研究现状。启动子的克隆对于构建基因工程载体,表达目的蛋白有着重要的意义。着重介绍了启动子克隆的方法,从常用的利用启动子探针型载体筛选启动子到PCR方法的应用,及此后相继出现的一些基于PCR法的克隆启动子技术,像I-PCR,P-PCR,SSP-PCR,YADE,TAIL-PCR等,为克隆启动子提供了更可靠,更合理的方法。

As the promoter is an important research object in the plant genetic engineering,the article sketches its definition,classification and research tactics.Meanwhile,the function and structure of the promoter are emphasized in respect of constitutive type,organ-specific type and inducible type.Promoter is an important cis-acfing element,it is also an important element of gene engineering expression vectors.The way of promoter cloning is important for constricting gene engineering vectors and expressing the aim proteins.From the frequendy used way that applying probe vectors for choosing promoter to the using of PCR,there were lots of ways for promoter cloning.Afterwards,a series of techniques based on PCR for promoter cloning such as I-PCR,P-PCR,SSP-PCR,YADE,TAIL-PCR were developed in succession. They offered more reliable and reasonable ways of cloning the promoter.