“现代民族”的特征及形成的一般途径

Characteristics of“Modern Nation”and Common Ways for its Formation

“现代民族”是中外民族理论最为关注的民族类型。依存于近、现代社会制度是现代民族的首要特征,因而“资本主义民族”和“社会主义民族”是它的基本形态。此外,鲜明的自觉性、政治性和可塑性也是这类民族的特点。近代以来,世界各民族获得现代属性的途径,既因所处国度的社会性质不同而不同,也因各自发展状况不同而有差异。但是,只有当一个国家的少数民族或弱势民族完成了向资本主义或社会主义的过渡,我们才能说这个国家完成了民族的现代性演变;只有当世界范围内的少数民族或弱势民族都完成了向资本主义或社会主义的转变,我们才可以说人类社会完成了民族过程上的现代性改造。

＂Modem Nation＂ is a type of nation with the most attention of Chinese and foreign national theories. Depending on contemporary and modem social systems is its most important characteristic, so ＂Capitalism Nation＂ and ＂ Socialism Nation＂ are its basic forms; Besides, it is characterized by distinctive consciousness, political nature and plasticity. In modem times, ways for nations in the world to achieve modem attributes vary with the social nature and developing situation of the country. Only when all the minority or inferior nationality in a country have finished the transition to Capitalism or Socialism, can we say that this country has finished national modem evolvement; only when all the minority or inferior nationality in the world have finished the transition to Capitalism or Socialism, can we say that the human society has finished the modem transformation in the national course.