汉语阅读障碍儿童阅读文章的眼动试验研究

Experiment Studies of the Eye Movement of Chinese Children with Reading Disorder when Reading Chinese Article

目的探索汉语阅读障碍(RD)儿童阅读文章时的眼动特征及其视觉认知加工特点。方法记录被试阅读汉字文章时的眼动数据,分析其相应的眼动指标。试验中短文一选自小学二年级课本,内容简单,有主题句。短文二选自《神经心理学》中一篇测试忽视症的短文,题材为记叙文,无主题句。结果①阅读理解结果,RD组儿童短文一的阅读成绩比对照组低(2.2±1.1,2.9±0.5,t=-2.2,P<0.05),短文二的阅读成绩两组间无显著性差异(P>0.05),两篇短文的阅读时间RD组儿童均较对照组延长(短文一119.3±44.1/73.4±20.4,t=4.3,P<0.05;短文二96.9±54.9/60.1±13.9,t=3.0,P<0.05);②眼动指标结果,短文一,与对照组比,RD组儿童的平均注视时间长,注视次数多,眼跳次数多,眼跳频率快,注视频率快(P<0.05);短文二,与对照组儿童相比,RD组儿童的平均注视时间长,平均眼跳幅度小,注视次数多,眼跳次数多,注视频率快;在上述的眼动指标中,平均注视时间(OR=0.99)、平均眼跳幅度(OR=1.86)对RD儿童阅读时的眼动特征有明显的预测意义。结论汉语RD儿童阅读文章时具有异常的眼动模式,主要表现为平均注视时间长,平均眼跳幅度小,眼跳轨迹紊乱,缺乏计划性、策略性和组织性,注意较为分散。

Objective： To explore the eye-movement characteristics and the visual cognitive processing traits of Chinese children with reading disorder （ RD ） during reading articles in order to offer reference for measures designed for diagnosis and therapy. Methods： Recorded the series data of eye-movement with Eye-link Ⅱ when the children read articles, and analyzed relevant parameter of eye-movement. Essay one is a narrative article chosen from the textbook of the second grade i whose content is simple and there are subject sentences. Essay two is a narrative article chosen from the Neuropsychology, which is an article used to test optic aphasia patient, and the essay has no subject sentence. Results： ①Results of reading comprehend： For the RD children, the reading score of the first narrative article was lower than that in the normal control group （ 2. 2 ± 1.1/2. 9 ± 0. 5, t = - 2. 2, P 〈 0. 05 ）, but there was no obvious difference for the reading score of the second article between the two groups （ P 〉 0. 05 ） . For the RD children, the reading time of the two articles was longer than that in normal control group （ for article one： 119. 3 ± 44.1/63.4 ± 20.4, t=4.3, P〈0.05; forarticle two： 96.9±54.9/60.1 ±13.9, t=3.0, P〈0.05） .②Eye- movement results： Compared with normal children, the average fixation duration of RD children was longer, their average saccade amplitude was shorter, number of fixation, number of saccade, and frequency of fixation were more; Among the eyemovement parameters above, average saccade amplitude tends to be shorter （ OR = 1.86 ） . and the average fixation duration tends to be longer （ OR = 0. 99 ） , which two can forecast the reading characteristic of children well. For the RD children. Conclusion： Chinese children with RD are abnormal in the eye-movement model when reading articles, manifested as longer average fixation duration, shorter average saccade amplitude, disorganized eye-movement track.