对自杀未遂者的儿时创伤和自我概念的访谈分析

Childhood Trauma and Self-concept of Those with History of Suicide Attempt

目的探讨自杀未遂者的儿时创伤与自我概念状况。方法对30名自杀未遂者(研究组)进行访谈,对自杀未遂者与父母的居住历史、最初的记忆、自杀前的梦境、房树人的投射测试等资料进行了收集和分析,并与30名正常对照比较。结果研究组早年离开父母生活者多于正常对照组(33%/3%,χ2=14.73,P=0.000);梦境有恐怖场景者多于对照组(恶梦17/6,被杀12/2,梦见鬼5/1);绘画测验中自我意想不完整(6/1)、将树或人涂黑(6/0)、树干创伤(3/0)、断枝(6/1)、树或房子不完整(5/2)数均多于对照组。结论研究组情感上的被弃创伤明显多于正常人,其自我概念明显劣于正常人。

Objective： To explore relationship between childhood trauma, self-concept and suicide attempts of adult. Methods： 30 adults with recent suicide attempt were asked to complete a psychoanalysis interview which including： the earliest memory, the dreams occurred just before suicide, House-Tree-Person test and so on. Other 30 healthy persons collected as control were also received the same procedure. Results： The rate of individuals with childhood separation with parents was higher in suicide attempters （ 33% vs 3%, X^2 = 14. 73, P 〈 0. 001 ） . Compared with control, more attempters had nightmare （ 17/6）, had dream of being victim of homicide （ 12/2）, and dream of ghosts （ 5/1 ） . In House-Tree-Person test, attempters had higher rate of defected self-image （ 6/1 ）, painting the tree and the person as dark （ 6/0 ）, drawing a tree with broken branch （ 6/1 ） or wounded trunk （ 3/0 ） and drawing a house or tree with defects （ 5.2 ） . Conclusion： Mood trauma are more common in suicide attempters and they have poorer self-concept than normal control.