临床教员应传授的诊断推理模式

What a Teacher Needs to Pass on about Clinical Reasoning

临床医学院教员的核心任务之一是教会学生正确的诊断方法,并制定合理的治疗方案。本文归纳了临床诊断推理过程的两种主要模式,即分析法和非分析法,前者是有意识的,而后者的无意识的。这两种模式各有其优势和缺陷,只有灵活结合两种诊断推理模式,才能掌握正确的诊断方法,以适应在特定背景条件下的灵活做出的正确诊断。

One of the core tasks assigned to clinical teachers is to enable students to accurately assign a diagnostic label. The strengths and weaknesses of different approaches to clinical reasoning will be examined using one of the core divides between various models of analytic versus non-analytic as an orienting framework. Clinical teachers should stress the importance of both forms of reasoning,thereby enabling students to marshal reasoning processes in a flexible and context-specific manner.