摘要
上海话的“侪”和普通话的“都”都是量化副词,可以用语义三分结构来分析包含“侪”或“都”的句子。但是它们不同于逻辑上的全称量词,只要求达到一定程度,不要求全部。“侪”使用的语义条件是离散个案集合中个案数目累积达到相当大的程度,而“都”还可以表示在一个连续统中到了某一关键程度。“侪”在疑问结构中比“都”受到更多的限制,这可能是由于对某些焦点副词的干扰作用更为敏感。
Ze in Shanghai dialect and dou in Mandarin Chinese are both quantifieational adverbs A sentence containing either of them can be analyzed as a tripartite structure semantically. However, they are not universal quantifiers per se as they do not require exhaustive inclusion. Ze characterizes inclusion of a considerably large number of members in a given set whereas dou expresses attainment of a significant extent in a continuum. Another difference between them is that the former is more limited in interrogative uses, possibly due its greater sensibility to intervention effects of some focus adverbs.
出处
《方言》
CSSCI
北大核心
2007年第2期97-102,共6页
Dialect
关键词
全称量词
量化副词
三分法
上海话
universal quantifier, quantifieational adverb, tripartite structure, Shanghain dialect