崩塌、滑坡地质灾害监测现状综述

Comprehensive Comments on the Present Situation of Monitoring Collapse and Landslide

研究目的:为了解和掌握崩滑体的演变过程,及时捕捉崩滑灾害的特征信息,为崩塌、滑坡的正确分析评价、预测预报及治理工程等提供可靠资料和科学依据。研究方法:本文对目前国内外崩塌、滑坡地质灾害监测方法、仪器及监测目的、选择手段等进行了综述。研究结论:监测既是崩塌滑坡调查、研究和防治工程的重要组成部分,又是崩滑地质灾害预测预报信息获取的一种有效手段。监测可掌握塌、滑坡的变形特征及规律,预测预报崩滑体的边界条件、规模、滑动方向、失稳方式、发生时间及危险性,及时采取防灾措施,尽量避免和减轻灾害损失。

Research purposes： The purposes are to know the development process of collapsing and sliding substances and obtain the information about the characters of collapsing and sliding disasters to provide the reliable information and scientific basis for correct analyses, evaluation, prediction and forecast of collapse and landslide and their treatment. Research methods. The comprehensive comments are made on the monitoring methods, equipments, means used at home and abroad and their targets. Research conclnsions.It is proved that monitoring is not only the important composite part of collapse and landslide survey, research and treatment, but also an effective way of obtaining the information on prediction and forecast of collapse and landslide disasters. Through the monitoring, the deformation characters and regularity can be known clearly, and the boundary conditions, scale, slide direction, collapsing mode, happening time and danger can be predicted and forecasted. In this way, the measures can be taken for preventing, reducing and avoiding the disasters as much as possible.