产前超声显像诊断胎儿严重出生缺陷效果评价

Correct Diagnosis Rates and Evaluation of Prenatal Ultrasonic Diagnosis of Serious Birth Defects

目的：研究6所医院近5年严重而高发的出生缺陷发生率、产前超声显像诊断效果及提高产前、产后诊断符合率的对策。方法：筛查、登记6所医院1998～2002年严重出生缺陷病例，将产前超声诊断与产后诊断符合率进行对比分析。结果：产前出生缺陷的超声显像与产后诊断符合率为36．49％。产前超声显像与产后诊断比较，其类型与符合率前5位依次为：先天性腹水（71.88％）、腹壁畸形（64．71％）、先天性脑积水（61．90％）、神经管畸形（53．33％）、先天性心脏病（41．67％）。结论：超声显像以诊断致死或致残的严重结构畸形为主，先天性腹水、腹壁畸形、先天性脑积水的产前、产后超声显像符合率较高。

Objective：To study high and severe birth defects in Wuhan during 1998 - 2002, and to evaluate the value of diagnosing severe birth defect by ultrasonic imaging method. Methods：Data were gathered from birth registration from 1998 to 2002 in six hospitals matemity departments in Wuhan, and severe birth defects were screened out and investigated about ultrasonic diagnosis, and compare the result of prenatal ultrasonic diagnosis with postnatal diagnosis. Results： The correct diagnosis rate of accepted ultrasonic examination in fetus gestational period was 36.49% .The rate of every year had no significant difference （ P〉 0.05）. The first five mafformations respectively （sorted by correct diagnosis rate） used with two diagnosis methods were congenital ascites （71.88%）, gastroschisis （64.71%）, congenital hydrocephalus （61.90%）, neural tube deformity （53.33%） and congenital cardiac disease （41.67%） .Conckysons：The correct rate of ultrasonic diagnosis on severe birlh defect of congenital ascites, gastroschisis, congenital hydrocephalus, neural tube deformity and congenital cardiac disease, is high in Wuhan.