应用遥感技术探测土壤侵蚀的研究进展

Erosion Detection by Remote Sensing

在全世界范围内土壤侵蚀对农业生产和水质量都有着负面影响,因此区域尺度的土壤侵蚀评估非常重要,但是它往往会受可收集到观测数据的数量和质量的限制。在过去的30年中,遥感技术已为土壤侵蚀研究提供了多方面有效空间数据,这些数据常被直接用于探测土壤侵蚀和土壤侵蚀沉积,通过辨别土壤侵蚀的总体特征,可以区分土壤侵蚀区域,再根据经验评估土壤侵蚀强度,获得探测结果。本文介绍了可用于土壤侵蚀研究的多种卫星和传感器及应用遥感数据探测土壤侵蚀特征,土壤侵蚀区域和土壤侵蚀沉积的实例。

Water erosion creates negative impacts on agricultural production, infrastructure, and water quality across the world. Regional-scale water erosion assessment is important, but limited by data availability and quality. Remote sensing technologies have been used in erosion research for many years, satellite image was applied in many respects of erosion assessing during the past 30 years. It is helpful to assess erosion by using remote sensing technologies, which can supply spatial data for assessing erosion. Satellite data can be directly used for detecting erosion and its consequences. Distinguishing the total feature of erosion can divide erosion regions. And then detection results can be achieved by assessing erosion intensity based on empirical relations. In the paper, applications of satellite images and sensors in erosion were discussed. A large number of earth observation satellites has orbited, and is orbiting our planet to provide frequent imagery of its surface. From these satellites, many can potentially provide useful information for assessing erosion. Many examples of detecting erosion features, eroded areas, and erosion consequences by remote sensing were presented.