披碱草与野大麦及其杂种F_1、BC_1F_1同工酶分析

Analysis of Peroxidase Isozymes and Esterase Isozymes of Elymus dahuricus,Hordeum brevisubulatum and Their Hybrid F_1 and BC_1F_1

采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶垂直平板电泳方法,对加拿大披碱草、野大麦及其杂种F1、BC1F1幼苗的过氧化物酶(POD)和酯酶(EST)同工酶进行了分析。结果表明,杂种F1代POD同工酶谱表现为双亲的互补类型,正、反交F1的酶谱基本相同,杂种F1的EST同工酶谱亦主要表现为双亲的互补类型。杂种F1代POD和EST同工酶谱中亲本的个别酶带有丢失现象,又各产生了2条杂种带。BC1F1代POD同工酶谱的酶谱基本相同,EST酶带特征差异较大,出现双亲互补带和杂种带,并且有酶带的丢失现象。BC1代的POD和EST同工酶谱明显地受轮回亲本野大麦的影响,说明回交使野大麦的某些性状在BC1代进一步加强。聚类分析结果表明,株系P1F1-2与Y1F1-2及P1F1-6与P1F1-7有极其近的遗传关系,野大麦与BC1F1代各株系较披碱草有较近的遗传关系。POD与EST同工酶具多态性,可作为遗传标记用于杂种鉴定和目标性状植株的检测。

The peroxidase （POD） isozymes and esterase （EST） isozymes of Elymus dahuricus, Hordeum brevisubulatum and their hybrid Fx and BCx Fx were analyzed by polyacrylamid gel electrophoresis. The resuits showed that the POD zymogram types of the hybrid Fx were mainly the mutual suplementary isozymes of the parents. There were no significant differences in POD zymograms between E. dahuricus ）〈 H. brevisubulatum （Fx） and H. brevisubulatum× E. dahuricus （Fx）, the EST zymogram types of the hybrid Fx were mainly the mutual suplementary isozymes of the parents too. Some isozyme bands of the parents were lost in the POD and EST zymogram types of the hybrid Fx , the hybrid Fx had two hybrid bands. There were no significant differences in POD zymograms between hybrid BCx Fx. There were variations in the EST zymograms , there was a complementary band type of its parents and very few isozyme bands of the parents were lost. The zymograms of BCl showed a tendency toward the recurrent parent H. brevisublatum obviously, which indicated that some characteristics of H. brevisubulatum were strengthened in BCl by backcross. And the results of cluster analysis showed that there were close genetic relationship between line P1 F1-2 and line Y1 F1-2, and between line Px F1-6 and line P1F1-7. The genetic relations between H. brevisubulatum and hybrid BCxFx were closer than that between E. dahuricus and hybrid BC1F1. There were polymorphisms in the POD and EST isozymes which can be used as genetic marker to identify hybrid and to determine the plants with object characteristics.