《孙氏祠堂书目》分类方法解析

An Analysis on Classification Method of Bibliography of Sun Family's Memorial Temple

《孙氏祠堂书目》是一部重要的分类书目,为清孙星衍所撰。孙氏不囿传统和权威,按照自己的分类思想,考虑到岁周之数、各类图书数量的多寡、当时社会学术的发展状况等因素,大胆地将所藏之书分为十二大类,创立十二分法。该分法与几臻完善的四分法相比,在类目设置上有很多创新之处,在图书分类史和学科发展史上有着重要影响。同时,它在图书著录上的导读作用以及版本著录上的详细说明,对后世乃至今天都有借鉴意义。

Bibliography of Sun family＇s memorial temple, written by Sun Xingyan of qing dynasty, is an important categorical bibliography. More innovative and unafraid of authority, according with his own thought of classification and considering ＂twelve＂ as the count of months in a year, quantities of all kinds of books and the state of academic study at that time, sun boldly classified his collections into twelve categories, namely Twelve Bibliographic Categories. Compared with Four Bibliography Categories which almost reached perfection, Twelve Bibliographic Categories made many innovations in bibliographic setting, which had important influence on the history of bibliographic category and development of subjects. Meanwhile, the introductive effects of book records and detail instructions of version records in his book can be referenced by later people.