塔北地区植被波谱特征研究与遥感图象油气信息提取

SPECTRAL FEATURE ANALYSIS OF VEGETATION AND ITS APPLICATION TO EXTRACTING PETROLEUM MESSAGE IN TABEI AREA

对塔里木盆地塔北地区植被反射波谱特征的系统研究表明，油气区与非油气区相比，同类植被的反射率明显偏低，其差值可达20％；同时还表现出一定的蓝移和吸收峰深度的差异；油气区的植被病变可导致反射峰的消失。植被反射波谱特征的变化进一步证实了烃类微渗漏现象的存在。依据格被波谱的差异，设计了TM图象处理方案，在DIV－KL、CAP－KL变换等图象上，油气区与非油气区表现出明显的色调差异，根据图象信息，发现了几个有待进一步勘探的有利区。

From 1990 to 1994 a series of field spectral measurement and studies were made for the Lunnan oilfield in North Tarim basin.The main purpose was to detect and analyze the differences of reflectance character in geobodies between oilfield zone and nonoilfield zone. By spectral data processing and analyzing in detail, the following conclusions have been drawn out: ① The spec-tral differences are mainly confined to the vegetation such as Tamarix Ramoissima and Reaumuria Soongorica;② The re-nectance value in the vicinity of the oilfield area is lower than that of non-oilfield area. The maximal difference can amount to25% in 2,080-2,350nm for Tamarix Ramosissima； ③ A distinct blue shift in 680nm and the regular changes of absorptiondepth have been found; ④The distribution of vegetation spectral anomaly tallies with the geochemical anomaly- Based onthose spectral differences, a series of image processing programs have been set up to extract useful patterns from TM data-Cap-KL and Div-KL image, which characterizes the Lunnan oilfield, is very distinct in the non-oilfield and oilfield. This studycan be used to develop image processing and analytical techniques to obtain optimal geological information for petroleum ex-ploration.