中国大学竞争力建构中的科学研究

Scientific Studies in the Course of Building Up Competition Potentials of Chinese Universities

对外开放和市场化改革的深入使中国大学面临的竞争日趋激烈。这种竞争对于转轨时期的中国大学既是一种机遇,更是一种挑战和威胁。面临急剧膨胀的竞争环境,中国大学还不具备足够的市场适应性及娴熟的应对经验和能力。政府保护的减少和管理范围的变化增加了大学的决策风险和成本;双轨制并存则刺激了教育资源利用中的机会主义。在环境条件不变和投入有限的情况下,中国大学竞争力的建构可从核心竞争力的培育入手。科学研究不仅是现代大学的目的性功能,是大学各系统要素功能发挥及竞争力建构的基础,其创新要求、复制困难和有效的教育功能也使科学研究能更好地体现一个大学的独特品质,发展成大学特色鲜明、功能稳定的核心竞争力。在微观界面上,科学研究竞争力的培育可以从组织管理的改革入手,以管理体制的变革带动大学科研状况的整体改进;而居先在理念上解决科学研究中“生产什么”、“如何生产”和“为谁生产”三个基本问题,应引起大学管理者的特别关注。

In face of violently - swelling competitive environment, Chinese universities are not yet qualified with enough adaptability to or skilled capacity of market. Even worse, the decrease of government protection and change of the extent of administration adds the risk and cost of decision making and the existence of the double- track system stimulates opportunism in the utility of educational resources. Under the circumstances of the existing environment and limited investment, the construction of competitive potentials of Chinese universities should lay stress on the development of key competitive capacity. Since scientific research is not only the purposeful function of universities but also the manifestation of the distinct quality of a university, which may develop into a characteristic key competitive capacity with stable function. In a narrow sense, the university＇s capacity of scientific researeh can be nurtured by reforming the organizational administration and advanced as a whole by transforming the organizational system.