荧光原位杂交技术在支气管肺癌中的临床应用

Clinical application of fluorescence hybridization in situ bronchial lung cancer

荧光原位杂交技术是近十多年来发展起来的一种分子细胞遗传学技术,其主要是应用荧光物质通过核酸探针杂交原理在核中或染色体上显示DNA序列的位置,在中期及间期细胞均可检测到DNA序列及其变化。染色体的不稳定性是肺癌发生过程的重要阶段,在不同的组织病理类型及分期中均有不同的表现。主要表现为染色体的数目或结构异常,在分子水平上则表现为DNA片段的扩增、缺失、碱基改变等。应用原位荧光杂交技术对肺癌组织细胞进行检测,有助于肺癌的早期诊断,同时对于判断治疗效果、预后及有无复发等均有辅助作用。

Fluorescence in situ hybridization is a technology of molecular genetic developed in recent ten years. Its principle is displaying the position of DNA series in nuclear or chromosome through nucleic acid probe with fluorescent material. It can detect the DNA series and its diversity in the metaphase and interval cell. A majority researches indicate that chromosome instability （C/N） is the important process in the lung cancer effluence,It have diversity manifestation in different pathology or stage of Lung Cancer. The chief manifestations are the abnormality of number or structure in chromosome and the amplification or deletion of DNA series and the change of base, etc. The technology is helpful for early diagnosis of lung cancer in detection of the rhagiocrine cell of lung cancer, it also helps evaluate the criterion of therapeutic effect, prognosis or relapse of lung cancer.