粳稻穗角与稻米品质的相关性及稻米品质遗传分析

The correlation between panicle angle and rice quality and genetic analysis on rice quality in japonica rice (Oryza sativa L.)

测定了粳稻直立穗品种丙8979与弯曲穗品种C堡杂交组合的P1、P2及其重组自交系349个株系的穗角和10个稻米品质性状,分析了穗角与稻米品质性状之间的相关性,并运用主基因+多基因混合遗传模型,对稻米品质10个性状进行了遗传分析。结果表明,穗角与糙米率、整精米率、垩白粒率、垩白度、糊化温度、胶稠度和直链淀粉含量均无显著相关;与精米率呈显著正相关(r=0.124*);与粒长和长宽比均呈极显著正相关(相关系数分别为0.470**和0.241**)。糙米率、精米率和直链淀粉含量均受2对主基因+多基因控制,2对主基因具有累加作用和加性×加性的上位性作用;整精米率、粒长、长宽比和胶稠度受2对加性-上位性主基因+多基因控制;垩白粒率、垩白度和糊化温度均受3对加性-上位性主基因+多基因控制。糙米率、精米率、整精米率、垩白粒率、垩白度和糊化温度6个品质性状以主基因遗传为主,粒长、长宽比、胶稠度和直链淀粉含量4个性状以多基因遗传为主。

Linear correlation between panicle angle and 10 quality traits were studied by using P1, P2and 349 lines of the RIL population in a cross of Bing 8979（erect panicle）/C bao （curve panicle） in japonica rice. We found that, there were no linear correlation between panicle angle and brown rice rate, head rice rate, chalky grain rate ,chalkiness area,gelatinization temperature, gel consistency and apparent amylose content. The correlation coefficients between panicle angle and milled rice rate, between panicle angle and grain length, and between panicle angle and grain length/width ratio were 0.124^＊, 0.470^＊＊ and 0.241^＊＊ , respectively. By using major gene-polygene mixed inheritance models, genetic analyses showed that brown rice rate, milled rice rate and apparent amylose content were controlled by two major genes plus polygenes. The two major genes expressed additive effect and additive ×additive effects. Head rice rate, grain length, grain length/width ratio and gel consistency were controlled by two major genes with additive-epistatic effects plus polygenes. Chalky grain rate, chalkiness area and gelatinization temperature were controlled by three major genes with additive-epistatic effects plus polygenes. Brown rice rate, milled rice rate, head rice rate, chalky grain rate, chalkiness area and gelatinization temperature traits were mainly governed by major genes. Grain length, grain length/width ratio, gel consistency and apparent amylose content traits were mainly governed by polygenes.