广东某硫酸厂含铊冶炼废渣堆放场土壤铊剖面特征及迁移行为

The Character and Migration Behavior of Thallium in Soil Profiles from a Thallium-containing Slag Pile Site in a Sulphuric Acid Plant in Guangdong Province

重点研究了广东某硫酸工业废渣堆放场周围土壤剖面中铊的污染特征及迁移影响因素。研究表明，铊污染物主要集中在土壤0～16．5cm范围，并且表现出沿垂直方向向下迅速降低的特点。土壤中铊污染物活动态的比例很高，主要以铊的铁锰氧化物结合态（TlFe／MnOx）存在，铊的可交换态（Tlexc）、铊的碳酸盐结合态（Tlcar）、TlFE/MnOx在土壤中迁移性强，而铊的有机结合态（Tlorg）和铊的残余态（Tlres）迁移性相对较弱。土壤pH值是影响铊污染物在土壤中迁移的主要因素，铁锰氧化物／氢氧化物、有机质、土壤粒度组成、CEC（阳离子交换容量）是影响铊迁移的次要因素。

The pollution character and migration factor of thallium in the soil profile within the deposed slag collected from a sulfuric acid plant in Guangdong were investigated. The research indicated that thallium pollutants were mainly concentrated in the surface soil layer（0 - 16.5cm） and shown the characteristics of decreasing contents rapidly along the uprights. Thallium pollutants had a high proportion of labile phases and were mainly in the Fe/Mn oxide fractions （TlFe/MnOx）. In the soil the migration capability of thallium in the exchangeable （Tlexc ）, carbonate （Tlcar） and Fe/Mn oxide fractions （TlFe/MnOx） was strong but organic （Tlorg） and residual fractions （Tlres） of thallium had very weak migration capability relatively. The important factors that affected thallium pollutants migration capability in the soil were soil pH and Fe/Mn oxide, while organic matter, texture, and CEC（ Cation exchange capacity） were less important.