从“三不朽”到“作文害道”——对中唐文学价值观的考察

From “Three-immortal” to “Writing Is Harmful to DAO”——A Research on the Literary Values of Middle-Tang Dynasty

中国古代文人认为文学是一项神圣的事业,是人生不朽的方式之一。中唐时,人们对文学价值的理解有一些变化,其一是游戏文学出现一个小小高潮,其二是作家们开始注意个人作品集的编定。舒元舆的《悲剡溪古藤文》则通过特定自然场景的反思,质疑文学写作的意义。这应该是朱熹“作文害道”思想的前奏。

In ancient China, literary men thought writing was a holy cause and a way to give them an immortal life. From Middle-Tang Dynasty, there were some changes in the understanding of literary value, one of which came out with recreational literature reaching a small climax; the other of which occurred with writers beginning to pay attention to the compiling of their own collections of works. ShuYuanyu, in his works Sorrow on the Ancient Vine of Yanxi, challenged the meaning of literary writing by reflecting on particular natural scenes. This should be the prelude to ZhuXi＇s idea that writing is harmful to DAO.