水稻花粉植株后代主要农艺性状的遗传分析

GENETIC ANALYSIS OF SEVERAL AGRONOMIC TRAITS IN RICE POLLEN PLANTS

以乙岫４－１０×矮台６６，ＳＨ５２×乙岫４－１０和乙岫４－１０×ＳＨ５２三个杂种的花粉植株后代Ｈ２、Ｈ３及其亲本、Ｆ１、Ｆ２为材料，对株高、穗长、抽穗期等３个主要农艺性状作了遗传分析，证实花粉植株株系内遗传的同质性和稳定性，以及株系间遗传的多样性。Ｈ２株高、抽穗日数、千粒重等的遗传方差（以加性方差为主）大于Ｆ２的遗传方差，因此在Ｈ２代进行选择是有效的。Ｈ２中隐性性状出现的比例高于Ｆ２中隐性性状的比例，与Ｆ２相比，Ｈ２的平均株高降低、抽穗期较早，有效穗数较多，利用花培方法有利于选择高产。

From 1989 to 1990, rice pollen plants of the hybrids in three crosses of Yiyou 4 10×Aitai 66, SH52×Yiyou 4 10 and Yiyou 4 10×SH52 and their parents, F 1 as well as F 2 were planted at the farm of SAAS, Six agronomic traits, i.e. plant height, panicle length, heading date, panicle number, grain weight, plant resistance to gray plant hopper were investigated. The result obtained from the progenies of pollen plants demonstrated homozygous within same pollen lines but wide range of variation existed among different pollen lines. The genetic variances of plant height, heading date, 1000 grain weight in H 2 (mainly additive variance) were higher than that in F 2. Higher proportion of the plants with recessive traits were found in H 2 lines than that in F 2 plants. The H 2 plnats were usually showed lower plant height, earlier heading date, more panicles than that in F 2 lines.