虹鳟受精卵第一次卵裂组织学观察及四倍体制备最佳时机的研究

Study on the best opportunity of tetraploid preparation and histological observation on the first cleavage of fertilized eggs in rainbow trout

采用组织切片技术对虹鳟受精卵第一次卵裂进行观察,且利用热休克和静水压处理受精卵,诱导四倍体。其结果显示,静水压诱导效果较好,在受精后8h进行诱导四倍体的出现率最高,达到25～28%。热休克诱导未出现四倍体。受精卵在受精后400min(积温43.5℃.h)处于第一次卵裂前期,受精后490min(积温52.5℃.h)处于第一次卵裂中期,受精后640min(积温66.8℃.h),处于第一次卵裂后期,670min(积温69.3℃.h)处于第一次卵裂末期,700min(积温71.8℃.h)以后形成卵裂沟,并穿过整个受精卵,产生两个均等大小的两个卵裂球(blastomeres)。

The first cleavage of fertilized eggs in rainbow trout is observed by method of histological section, and the tetraploid of rainbow trout is induced by heat shock and hydrostatic pressure. Result shows that hydrostatic pressure is better than heat shock, 8h after fertilization, the frequency of occurrence of tetraploid is up to 25 -28%, and heat shock induced result was 0%. 400min after fertilization, fertilized eggs was at prophase of first cleavage, 490min after fertilization, fertilized eggs was at metaphase of first cleavage, 640min after fertilization, fertil- ized eggs was at anaphase of first cleavage, 670min after fertilization, fertilized eggs was at telophase of first cleavage, 700min after fertilization, the first cleavage ends.