中国的人力资本投资

China's Human Capital Investment

本文讨论的是中国的人力资本投资。中国现行的政策更多的是侧重于支持物质资本投资而不是学校教育投资,是侧重于支持城市的人力资本投资而不是农村的人力资本投资。现行的移民政策对移民的孩子们是歧视的。必须确立城市与农村之间、各种类型的投资之间更趋平衡的投资战略。应当鼓励私人资本通过学费和杂费投入到教育中,这样可以弥补政府教育投入的不足,还能够提高学校实现财政自给自足的能力。但是,如果要颁布执行这项政策,就必须同时发展资本市场中的教育资金信贷市场,以帮助那些来自贫困家庭的学生也能够获得接受学校教育的机会。

This paper discusses human capital investment in China. China＇ s current policies favor physical capital investment over schooling and urban human capital investment over rural human capital investment. Current migration policies discriminate against children of migrants. A more balanced investment strategy across rural and urban regions and types of capital is appropriate. Private funding for education through tuition and fees should be encouraged and can supplement government funding and make schools more financially self-sufficient. However, if this policy is enacted, capital markets for financing education need to be developed to avoid discouraging students from poor families from attending school. 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.