外商直接投资在中国的空间外溢效应研究

Empirical Studies on the Spatial Spillovers from FDI:Based on The Scale of Chinese Firms and FDI Types

本文的研究结果发现,除了国外直接投资对大型企业不存在空间外溢比邻优势外,国外直接投资对中、小型企业以及港澳台地区直接投资对所有规模的企业均存在一定的空间外溢比邻优势;外商直接投资拉大了东西部企业生产率的差距,其中港澳台地区直接投资对东西部大型企业的生产率外溢差异远大于国外直接投资,港澳台地区直接投资分布相对集中于东部以及其对大型企业表现出的比邻优势使其外溢效应出现明显的区域差异,这是导致东西部生产率差异的主要因素;外商直接投资对不同规模的企业具有不同的外溢效应,加剧了我国大、小企业之间的竞争地位差异。

We find that medium and small local firms benefit from direct investment from foreign countries and all of local firms benefit from direct investment from Hongkong, Macao and Taiwan . The spillover difference from Hongkong, Macao and Taiwan between eastern and western large firms is about 2.64 percent, while the difference caused by direct investment from foreign countries is about 0. 15 percent. The concentration of direct investment from Hongkong, Macao and Taiwan and the different spillovers to large firms contribute a lot to the regional difference between the western and the eastern. The direct investment from foreign countries and from Hongkong, Macao and Taiwan has different spillovers on Chinese firms with different scales and this status of Chinese large and small firms. widens the gap between the competition