岩溶地区生态环境敏感度评价研究——以乌江流域为例

APPRAISAL STUDY ON THE SENSITIVITY OF ECO ENVIRONMENT IN KARST REGION

岩溶地区作为一个独特的地域环境单元，具有环境承载量低、地表崎岖破碎、植被生长困难、生态系统脆弱、环境变化敏感的特点。本文以岩溶地貌极为发育的乌江流域为例，论述了岩溶地区生态环境敏感度评价的原则，探讨了敏感度评价的方法，通过分析人类活动与生态环境变化之间的关系，初步建立起了岩溶地区生态环境敏感度评价的指标体系。并在此基础上，利用层次分析法确定了不同影响因子（评价指标）对生态环境敏感度的权重，并据此计算出了流域内各县（市、区）的生态环境敏感度值。

Karst mountain is widely distributed in the Wujiang River valley of Guizhou Province, where the bearing capacity of karst environment is low, the land surface is rugged and eco environment is fragile. Taking the Wujiang River basin as an example, this paper deals with the principles and methods of evaluation of eco environmental sensitivity and establishes preliminarily the index system of evaluation in karst region by analysing the relationship between human activity and environmental changes. Based on the analysis,the weight of each factor (appraisal index) influencing eco environmental sensitivity is determined with AHP method,and the value of eco environment sensitivity in each county (or city, district, etc.) in the Wujiang River valley is also calculated, which will provide the basis for developing and harnessing the Wujiang River valley.