《喧哗与骚动》中的神经症人格

Neurotic Personality in The Sound and The Fury

本文利用心理分析家卡伦·霍妮的人际关系理论来分析康普生家孩子成长的家庭环境:即父母的冷漠,没有责任心,使他们的安全需求得不到满足,因而,在他们的潜意识里产生了基本焦虑。为了防御这种焦虑,杰生采用了反对人的顺应模式,采取这种模式的人称为“敌对型”。这种人的安全感建立在只要我有权利,就谁也伤不到我的逻辑上;昆丁采取了避开人的顺应模式,采取这种顺应方式的人,称为“退缩型”。这种人的安全感建立在只要我离群索居,就什么也伤不到我的逻辑上。所以,昆丁和杰生都是神经症人格。凯蒂的失贞,给了他们一个宣泄的机会,他们趁机制造了大量的喧哗与骚动。

This dissertation seeks to analyze the characters in The sound and Fury from the perspective of psychoanalysis. By a carefully analysis of the family environment of these characters, the authors come to the conclusion that these characters have neurotic personality （the psychological theory of K. Homey）. The children who are exposed to rejecting parental attitudes react with vague feelings of loneliness, helplessness, and fear of potentially hostile world that surrounds them. This reaction is called Basic Anxiety. They develop attitudes towards their parents that are either compulsively submissive, aggressive, or detached. These attitudes have been called neurotic trends or drives. Quentin and Jason are all neurotic personalities. Quentin mainly adopts the strategy of resignation, while Jason adopts the strategy of aggression. Therefore their interpretation becomes a mechanism to defend themselves against anxiety. That is to say, they project their anxiety onto Caddy＇s loss of virginity. Therefore all the sound and fury made on Caddy＇s loss of Virginity is a catharsis of their depression.