谋生技能作为夫妻共同财产的法理分析——兼评《婚姻法》第40条

A Legal Analyses on Whether Living Skill Could be Considered as Community Property——With an argument to the clause of No.40 of Marriage Law

谋生技能能否作为夫妻共同财产予以分割,涉及到物与财产的关系。物权法的调整范围应从有体物扩大到财产利益。谋生技能属于财产利益的范畴,也具有特定性和可直接支配性的特点,应予以分割。鉴于谋生技能与有体物存在差异性,对其分割宜采用一次性补偿的方法。这种一次性补偿与《婚姻法》第40条所规定的家务补偿具有一定的相似性,但该条所附加的限制性条件又使得其适用范围非常有限。文章对此条提出了修正的意见,同时主张扩大物权法的调整范围,为家务补偿制度提供理论基础。

Whether living skill is treated as community property is related to the correlation of res and property. China res law should enlarge the regulation range from tangible res to property interest. Living skill has interest of property, it also has special character and could be dominated directly, so it should be divided as community property. In view of the difference between tangible res and living skill, one who mastered living skill should pay off the compensation once. The division way is similar to the house - work compensation which is regulated by the clause of 40 of Marriage Law, but the strict conditions limit the application of house - work compensation. The article make a suggestions for the improvement of house - work compensation and advocate enlarging the regulation range to form a theoretical base for the house -work compensation .