铁氧体对自动气象站雷电过电压抑制

Suppressing Lightning Overvoltage in Automatic Meteorological Station by Ferrite

为了抑制雷电过电压经电线、网络通信线侵入自动气象站的UPS和主控微机,研究了采用铁氧体来抑制雷电高次谐波的技术。低压模拟试验和基于MATLAB之SimpowerSystems软件包的高压仿真分析表明将铁氧体磁环套在电源线或信号线上,等效于在接地、屏蔽、均压和分流等防雷措施中接入一个并联电阻和电感,适当地选择磁环的参数组合能够削弱雷电过电压的幅值和陡度、阻尼雷电波的传播。它与一些常用的防雷器材配合使用组成的综合防雷系统,网络结构简单可行且能对自动气象站进行有效保护。

Since automatic meteorological station is high integrated micro-electronics equipment, it is especially sensitive to lightning electromagnetic impulse, as well as it being harmed by lightning impulse overvoltage. Either indoor UPS or dominative computer in the automatic meteorological station is mainly intruded by lightning wave of electrical line or network communication line. Although there is biggish probability that existing measures of synthesis protection against lighming system, along with some lighming protective equipment, can protect the automatic meteorological station which is sensitive to lightning overvoltage, lightning striking accidents often happen to the automatic meteorological station. The cause that leads to the accidents is lightning overvoltage of the high harmonic waves. Power ferrite is a sort of high-frequency magneto material. The ferrite can be applied to suppress high frequent lightning wave because it contains characteristics of high frequency and nonlinearity. A low voltage simulation test in lab and a high voltage simulation analysis based on SimpowerSiystems package in Matlab software show that putting ferrite rings around a electric line or signal line out of work room is equivalent to placing into the circuit inductance and a resistance in parallel for lightning protection measures of connection ground, shielding, equilibrium voltage and distributary, etc. Selecting the ferrite ring characteristic parameters can weaken magnitude and gradient of lightning overvoltage wave and damp lightning waves propagating. The new synthesis protection against lighming system, which is made up of ferrite rings and the other lighming protective devices, makes automatic meteorological station run in effect. The lighming protective system is simple in structure and it is stable in its performance.