学龄前儿童智力发展平衡性分析

Study on balance of intelligence development among preschool children

目的描述城市学龄前儿童的智力发展状况,为学龄前儿童教育提供参考依据。方法选取合肥市3所公办幼儿园的342名学龄前儿童,采用中国—韦氏幼儿智力量表进行智力测验。结果342名学龄前儿童言语智商、操作智商和总智商得分均呈右偏分布,儿童言语智商显著低于操作智商(t=-19.325,P=0.000)。有43.9%学龄前儿童发生智商分离,其中操作智商>言语智商占97.3%;智商分离率随着智商等级的增高而逐渐降低。言语分量表、操作分量表和全量表的离散程度与智力水平的关系均呈现完全相反的趋势,且差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论学龄前儿童智商分离现象值得关注,应加强对学龄前儿童智力结构影响因素的研究。

Objective To study the intelligence development among preschool children. Methods Three hundred and forty two preschool children in three kindergartens were tested by C-WYCSI. Results The distribution of VIQ、PIQ、 FIQ were all departured to right. VIQ was lower than PIQ and with significance（ t = - 19. 325, P = 0. 000）. The disassociation rate between VIQ and PIQ was 43.9%, and among them the rate of VIQ〉 PIQ was 97.3%. The disassociation rates between VIQ and PIQ became lower with the FIQ grading increase. The scatter scores among those factorials that made up of VIQ. PIQ, FIQ were lower with the FIQ becoming higher and with the significance（P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion The disassocia- tion of VIQ and PIQ among preschool children should be paid attention, and much more study should be taken to explore the influence of IQ＇s structure among of them.