RAPD和ISSR分子标记对果蔗种质资源的遗传多样性研究

Genetic Diversity of Chewing Cane Germplasms Using RAPD and ISSR Markers

利用RAPD与ISSR分子标记技术对40份不同地方果蔗种质的遗传多样性进行分析。从供试材料中筛选到具有多态性的RAPD引物23条,ISSR引物28条。23条RAPD引物共扩增出250条带,多态性条带比率为70%,相似系数变化范围在0.68-1.00之间;28条ISSR引物共扩增出301条带,多态性条带比率为77.1%,相似系数变化范围在0.66-1.00之间。根据两种标记的结果,用UPGMA法对40份果蔗种质材料进行聚类分析,结果表明,RAPD和ISSR均将40份果蔗种质分为4类:第Ⅰ类为32份地方果蔗品种,包括福建、江西、浙江、广西、云南等地的品种;第Ⅱ类为外引黑皮果蔗Badila和丰城紫皮果蔗;第Ⅲ类为杂交种白鳝、歪干担、肚度、温岭果蔗以及人工杂交选育的果蔗品种474;第Ⅳ类只有广东的黄皮果蔗。这两种标记的聚类结果相关分析表明,它们存在呈极显著相关(r=0.9746)。但ISSR标记比RAPD标记可检测到更大的遗传变异。

Random amplified polymorphic DNA （RAPD） and inter-simple sequence repeat （ISSR） molecular markers were used to detect the genetic diversity among 40 chewing cane germplasms. Polymorphism was identified by 23 RAPD primers and 28 ISSR primers in the germplasms. Two hundred and fifty bands were generated by RAPD with polymorphic bands accounting for 70% and similarity coefficient ranging from 0.68 to 1.00. And 301 bands were produced by ISSR with polymorphic bands accounting for 77.1% and similarity coefficient within 0.66 to 1.00. The germplasms were divided into 4 clusters by UPGMA： Cluster Ⅰcomposed of 32 individuals from Fujian, Jiangxi, Zhejiang, Guangxi, Yunnan; Cluster Ⅱcontaining cvs. Badila and Fengchengzipi; Cluster Ⅲ covering hybrids （Baishan, Waigandan, Dudu, Wenling and artificial hybrid 474）; Cluster IV only including cv. Huangpi. The significant correlation between RAPD and ISSR markers was observed （r=0.9746）. ISSR was more suitable for the analysis of genetic diversity.