生态护砌改善河道水质的中试研究

Pilot-scale Study on River Water Quality Improvement Using Ecological Concrete Embankment

采用生态混凝土球、4球联体及圆孔型砌块分别护砌开挖的1#～3#河道，并以采用“三面光”护砌的4#河道为对照，研究了生态护砌对水质的改善效果。试验结果表明：当以黄浦江水为处理对象时，在水力停留时间为2d的条件下，对1#～3#河水的CODMn去除率分别为14．3％、12．7％、12．7％，对NH4^＋-N的去除率〉55％，对NO2^--N的去除率分别为82．5％、70．2％、74．0％，对TN的去除率分别为14．6％、12．5％、11．6％，对TP的去除率分别为50．8％、34．9％、51．5％；对4#河水的CODMn、NH4^＋-N、NO2^--N、TN、TP去除率分别为5．0％、8．9％、5．4％、4．1％、16．8％；生态护砌能有效降低河水的UV254值（降幅〉7．4％），而4#河水的UV254值则没有明显降低。由此可见，对河道采用生态护砌能有效改善水质，修复和完善河流生态系统。

Water purification effects of four types of river embankments were studied. The embankments for rivers No. 1, 2, and 3 consist of prefab spheriform bricks, square bricks with 4 hemispheroids and rectangular bricks with three holes, all made of eco-concrete. The embankment for river No. 4 is hard. The results show that taking Huangpu River water as treatment object, under the hydraulic retention time of 2 days, the removal rates by ecological embankments for rivers No. 1,2, and 3 are 14.3%, 12.7% and 12.7% for CODMn, more than 55% for NH4^＋ - N, 82.5%, 70. 2% and 74.0% for NO2^- - N, 14.6% , 12.5% and 11.6% for TN, and 50.8% , 34.9% and 51.5% for TP, respectively. The removal rates of CODMn, NH4^＋ - N, NO2^- - N, TN and TP by hard embankment for river No. 4 are 5.0% , 8.9% , 5.4% , 4.1% and 16.8% respectively. UV254 can be decreased by 7.4% when using ecological embankments, while no change of UV254 is shown in the river No. 4. The ecological embankment rivers can effectively improve river water quality, restore and complete the ecology system.