2型糖尿病患者医学营养治疗健康教育需求调查

Survey on Health Education Needs of Type 2 Diabetes Patients Undergoing Medical Nutrient Treatment

目的探讨构建2型糖尿病医学营养治疗个体化应用的最佳健康教育模式。方法自行设计调查问卷,与患者面谈、说明调查目的后发放问卷调查100例2型糖尿病患者对营养治疗的健康教育内容和方式的需求。结果健康教育内容需求以食物选择方法排在首位,其次是营养素分配与餐次、按“份”食物交换方法和食物血糖生成指数的概念;对糖尿病相关医学名词、诊断标准和转归需求排名末位。教育方式以面对面进行个体化指导排在首位,电话咨询为其次,再次为推荐图书和手册、观看宣传壁报、录像、举办专题沙龙、医护家访指导患者及家属。结论从患者对医学营养治疗的健康教育内容需求可知,患者欠缺较深层次的糖尿病知识,对自我护理认知不够,知行未合一。应为患者提供科学、便捷、经济、有效的饮食治疗和健康促进模式,引导患者参与治疗过程,提高糖尿病患者的生存质量。

Objective To discuss the optimal health education pattern for individualized application of medical nutrient therapy in Type 2 Diabetes. Methods 100 patients were interviewed and investigated with self-designed questionnaire about their health education needs for medical nutrient treatment. Results Choice of food ranked first in the health education content, followed by allocation and times of foods, exchanging methods according to ＂pieces of foods＂ and glycolic index in turn. Needs for medical terms, diagnosis criteria and transfer ranked at the bottom. Face-to-face individualized guidance ranked first in education pattern, followed by telephone consultant, recommended books and manuals, posts for propaganda, video, specialized salons, guidance for families through home visits in turn. Conclusion Patients are lack of deep knowledge of diabetes, have an inadequate understanding on self nursing and can not connect the knowledge with practice. It is necessary to supply scientific, economical, convenient and effective diet and health promotion patterns for patients, guide them to participate the whole treating process and improve their quality of life.