植物根边缘细胞的抗逆性研究进展

The stress response and resistance of root border cells in plants

综述了近几年来国内外有关植物根边缘细胞抗逆性方面的研究,重点概述植物根边缘细胞对生物与非生物胁迫的响应及其相应的抗性机理。在生物胁迫下,边缘细胞能吸引和固定病原根结线虫,排斥或约束致病性细菌,可作为真菌感染的假目标,减少或避免各种病原菌对根尖的伤害。在非生物胁迫下,边缘细胞通过分泌粘液、诱导ROS产生刺激细胞死亡以抵抗铝毒,并通过其数量的改变来调节高温、高浓度CO2等多种生理反应。最后在当前植物根边缘细胞研究的基础上,提出了今后的研究方向。

The research progresses of stress resistance on root border cells in plant recently were summarized. This paper briefly concentrated on the response of root border cells to biotic and abiotic stress and the resistance mechanisms. When the root grow in biotic stress conditions, the root border cells which adhere to root cap meristem,can rapidly attract and fix pathogenic root-knot nematodes,also can exclude or restrain nosogenetic bacteria and act as a feigned target of fungi infection. So that can reduce or avoid the harm of various pathogenic bacteria and fungi to the root tip. When the root grow in abiotic stress conditions,root border cells involve in production of root exudates and secrete mucilage,sense and transmit environmental signals, synthesize and secrete small molecules and macromolecules. They can induce the production of reactive oxygen species （ROS） during AI stress,which can stimulate programmed cell death （PCD） to resist aluminum toxin. Their role in the protection of root tips against AI toxicity is to chelate Al^3＋ in their dead cell body. Finally,root border cells can still through the change of its number regulate multiplicate abiotic stress,such as high temperature,high CO2 concentration and so on.