玉米杂种优势预测和固定的研究

Study on the Forecast and Fixation of the Heterosis of Maize Hybrid

本文首先从玉米杂种的生理、生化代谢特点和生物学表现进行研究,杂种优势表现的生理基础为,杂种的光合强度和呼吸强度高于亲本自交系,对生化指标的测定表明,杂交种生物学上比自交系耐热能力强。其次,对玉米各性状的遗传规律进行分析研究,包括产量性状,品质性状,抗病性的遗传,了解各性状的遗传规律,可针对育种目标,选育优良自交系,进行杂交种生产,使杂种Fl表现出强大的杂种优势。再次,阐述玉米杂种优势固定方法,包括传统的固定方法,无性繁殖,无融合生殖,多倍体的应用,染色体易位的应用。最后对QTL在杂种优势预测和固定中的作用加以阐述。

The metabolic characters of physiology, biochemistry and biology were studied first in this article that the physiological theory of heterosis of maize hybrid is that the degree of photosynthesis and respiration of hybrid are higher than that of their parents inbred lines and the hybrid has the biology character of being more endurable to heat than inbred line. Secondly, the heredity rules of maize characters including yield, quality and resistance to diseases were studied. When you find out the heredity rules of maize characters, you can breed superior maize inbred lines and make the hybrids, which have high degree of heterosis in F1, used in maize production. Thirdly, the methold of fixation of the heterosis of maize hybrid was expatiated including traditional fization method, vegetative propagation, non-inosculation propagation, the application of multi-body and the application of the transposal of chromosome. Lastly, the effect of QTL on the forecast and fixation of the heterosis of maize hybrid was stated.